In a remarkable article, Spengler argues that during the 19th century the Church deliberately created a falsified past of "knights, troubadours and priests on behalf of Catholic restoration". All this he believes, in order to create a romantic history to appeal to the public at a time when the Church's political power had been subsumed by secular forces. Surprising, but the real shock is that Spengler claims that the famed Gregorian chant was imagined into existance by Benedictine musicologists in the 1830's. It seems that the Benedictines sought an elemental version of Church music, and in doing so ended becoming a nuisance to the established church, by insisting on forms at odds with contemporary tradition. There's an interesting parallel with the tension between Wahabists and mainstream moslems with regard to Islamic tradition. Fundamentalist ideologues like Sayyid Qutb draw a picture of piety belonging to a remote past, and claim that the glory of Islam was never so great as in that generation, before layers of misplaced tradition had dimmed the Koran's light. Perhaps a good strategy for moderate moslems today would be to insist on a romanticised picture of medieval Islamic society, dwelling on instances of tolerance and worldliness as part of its erstwhile greatness.